Data Types in Python
In Python, data types are used to classify or categorize data items. They define the operations that can be done on the data and the structure in which the data is stored. Python has several built-in data types, which can be grouped into the following categories:
1. Numeric Types
int: Represents integer values (e.g.,5,-10,1000).float: Represents floating-point (decimal) values (e.g.,3.14,-0.001,2.0).complex: Represents complex numbers (e.g.,2 + 3j,-1j).
2. Sequence Types
str: Represents a sequence of characters (e.g.,"hello",'Python').list: Represents an ordered, mutable collection of items (e.g.,[1, 2, 3],['a', 'b', 'c']).tuple: Represents an ordered, immutable collection of items (e.g.,(1, 2, 3),('a', 'b', 'c')).
3. Mapping Type
dict: Represents a collection of key-value pairs (e.g.,{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}).
4. Set Types
set: Represents an unordered collection of unique items (e.g.,{1, 2, 3}).frozenset: Represents an immutable version of a set (e.g.,frozenset({1, 2, 3})).
5. Boolean Type
bool: Represents a Boolean value, eitherTrueorFalse.
6. Binary Types
bytes: Represents a sequence of bytes (e.g.,b'hello').bytearray: Represents a mutable sequence of bytes (e.g.,bytearray(b'hello')).memoryview: Represents a memory view object of binary data.
7. None Type
None: Represents the absence of a value or a null value.
Example of Checking Data Types
You can use the type() function to check the data type of a variable:
x = 10 print(type(x)) # Output: <class 'int'> y = "Hello" print(type(y)) # Output: <class 'str'> z = [1, 2, 3] print(type(z)) # Output: <class 'list'>
Dynamic Typing
Python is dynamically typed, meaning you don't need to explicitly declare the type of a variable. The type is inferred at runtime based on the value assigned.
a = 5 # a is an integer a = "Hello" # a is now a string
Type Conversion
You can convert between data types using functions like int(), float(), str(), list(), etc.
num = 10 print(float(num)) # Output: 10.0 text = "123" print(int(text)) # Output: 123
These are the fundamental data types in Python. Understanding them is essential for effective programming in Python!
Comments
Post a Comment